2008.7.6

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Human Rights Now(HRN), a Tokyo based human rights organization, issued a statement in June urging the G8 states to address ongoing serious human rights violation in the world, in particular, the situations in Burma( Myanmar), Darfur/ Sudan, and human rights violations in the course of “ war on terror”.
In the wake of the G8 foreign ministers’ meeting, based on recent developments of the human rights situation, Human Rights Now urges the G8 leaders to make a strong commitment to the world’s human rights problems.

1. Situation in Darfur/ Sudan
In the Darfur region of Sudan, serious human rights violations have been taking place since February of 2003. The government and government-supported militias have continuously attacked the region’s non-Arab residents and more than 200,000 people have reportedly been victimized. Rape and other forms of violence against women have frequently been used to terrorize the population. Two to three hundred thousand people have been forcibly displaced and turned into refugees. Furthermore, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) agreed to by the northern and southern Sudanese governments in January 2005 is in jeopardy because of the ongoing conflicts in the Abyei region.
This situation must be addressed by the international society. Upon the call of many of the world’s international human rights organizations, more than 130,000 people participated in the petition calling for the G8 leaders to address and make a strong commitment on this situation.
HRN welcomes the foreign ministers’ meeting addressing of the issue by calling for 1) immediate cease fire and adherence of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement( CPA), 2) support for UNAMID, 3) adherence of the UN Security Council, 4) full cooperation with the ICC, and for the G8’s commitment to humanitarian and development assistance. However, this was not enough, because the statement did not clearly urge the world to stop any importing of arms to the Darfur area. While the UN Security Council resolution set an arms embargo, this has often been violated and has become a cause of conflict.
HRN urge G8 leaders to issue a strong statement including the above points, as well as arms embargo and to act to resolve the situation. The world, and all parties to the conflict, is watching how the G8 acts.

2. Situation in Zimbabwe
The Human Rights situation in Zimbabwe now faces a critical moment. Despite the victory of the Opposition party, Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), President Mugabe and the ruling party insisted on and implemented the final presidential election. During the process of this final election, gross human rights violations of opposition, including extrajudicial killing and arbitrary detention has taken place. As a result, the election committee declared Mugabe was elected as the president with 85% vote. Now, the opposition are persecuted, more and more people are becoming refugees, and human rights violations and repression are prevailing throughout the entire nation.
It is very clear that an election in the course of such gross human rights violations is illegitimate. Mugabe and the authorities must stop the violence and human rights violations, nullify the election result, and conduct a re-election immediately.
HRN calls upon the G8 leaders to address this issue by issuing a strong statement including in the following area;
1) Clearly state that this election is illegitimate and recommend the authority to conduct fair and transparent election with participation of all parties concern, having international monitoring team on the election.
2) Condemn the recent human rights violations, including killing of the opposition, and urge the authorities to stop the human rights violations and violence
3) Request peaceful dialogue between the authorities and the opposition to resolve the problem, support current and future efforts of the UN and regional organ, and make clear that the peaceful resolution should based on respect of the March election result.
4) Pledge immediate humanitarian aid to address the crisis, in particular meet the needs of the most vulnerable population affected by the situation.

3. Situation in Burma ( Myanmar)

In Burma, the military junta (the SPDC) brutally repressed peaceful demonstrations for democracy led by massive numbers of monks last September. Since then over 1,900 monks and democracy activists have been detained.
Since Cyclone Nargis hit Burma, the SPDC has continued to neglect its responsibility to supply food, medical care and sanitation to the cyclone’s victims, and prevented foreign aid As a result, the lives of many of the suffering, especially women, children and the elderly, are at risk. Further, the SPDC has forcibly displaced the evacuees from evacuation centers and sent them back to cyclone-devastated areas, and forcibly taken them into forced labor.
At the same time, the SPDC forced through its referendum on the new constitution, which is designed only to prolong the survival of the military regime, and which makes the realization of respect for human rights and democracy even more distant. The SPDC also extended the house arrest of democratic leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
While HRN welcomes the Foreign Ministers’ Meeting address of the situation, it calls upon the G8 leaders to issue a strong statement including the following.
1) Condemn the brutal crackdown against pro-democracy activists last September,
the imposition of the constitutional referendum, and the extension of Aung San Suu Kyi’s detention.
2) Urge the SPDC to immediately release all political detainees, and initiate the democratization process by opening a serious dialogue with pro-democracy groups, ethnic minority leaders and others concerned.
3) Given the humanitarian crisis that many cyclone victims still face, increase the amount of G8 countries’ relief aid and at the same time urge the SPDC to fulfill its obligation to provide for the basic needs of victims, such as food, health, medical treatment and sanitation in close cooperation with donor countries.

４.　Tibet and DPRK
　 Since March 2008, the Chinese authorities have brutally cracked down on the Tibetan demonstrators, and continue to detain monks and citizens in the Tibetan Autonomous Region and other regions where Tibetans reside. In the wake of international criticism regarding this treatment, the Chinese authorities commenced a dialogue with the representative of Tibetan leader the Dalai Lama. However, the Chinese Authorities have so far stubbornly rejected all requests made by the Dalai Lama, including release of citizens and monks detained since March, and full and free access of the Media into the Tibetan Autonomous Region. There is no development of the peaceful resolution based on the Tibetans’ given “high- level” autonomy. One could argue that the dialogue is merely cosmetic, conducted by the Chinese authorities for damage control.
The International Community must not forget the human rights situation of Tibet.
The G8 should request the Chinese government to work on serious dialogue with Tibetans to solve the problem in peaceful way, and call for the immediate release of demonstrators and acceptance of full and free media access.

As for the DPRK, HRN welcomes that the Foreign Ministers’ Meeting remarked on the improvement of the human rights situation in the DPRK and not only Security issues, and expects that similar remarks will be made in the G8 statement.

5.　Situation in Iraq
Regarding the situation in Iraq, the Foreign Ministers’ Meeting expressed commitment to promoting human rights. However, no remark was made on the human rights violations committed by Multi National Force (MNF) including, some G8 countries.
UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) released a report on the human rights situation in Iraq in October 2007, documenting widespread human rights abuses including extrajudicial executions committed by insurgents, MNF and privately hired contractors, and recommending specific measures in response. UNAMI urged “all credible allegations of unlawful killings by MNF forces [to] be thoroughly, promptly and impartially investigated, and appropriate action [to] be taken against military personnel found to have used excessive or indiscriminate force,” and urges the United States authorities to investigate reports of deaths caused by privately hired contractors, and establish effective mechanisms for holding them accountable whenever circumstances surrounding the killings show no justifiable cause. The countries participating in the MSF within the G8 members should establish its accountability in regards to promoting human rights in Iraq.

6. Counter-terrorism and human rights
HRN express its disappointment on the lack of comment regarding human rights in the Foreign Ministers’ Statement on counter-terrorism. The G8 countries must recognize that they are not exempt from responsibility for human rights violations in the 21st century. In particular, since September 11th in 2001, in the name of “the War on Terror” innocent civilians have been killed in Afghanistan, Iraq and Chechnya. Other grave breaches of international human rights and humanitarian law include, but are not limited to, the torture and indefinite detention of terrorism suspects in Guatanamo Bay and at other disclosed and undisclosed locations worldwide.
However, the G8 countries refuse to accept any accountability for these violations, contributing to the spread of human rights violations throughout the world in the name of the “War on Terror”.
HRN urges the G8 leaders to address the following issues at the summit:
1) State clearly the G8 member states’ commitment to adhering to established international human rights standards and international humanitarian law in all circumstances and address past breaches of the Geneva Conventions in the course of the “ War on Terror,” including attacks on civilians and the practice of torture in interrogations. The parties responsible for these violations should be identified and held accountable in a court of law.
2) Establish concrete measures to prevent the recurrence of human rights violations in the course of the “War on Terror”.

Violations of human rights will be repeated as long as the international community tolerates them. If the G8 countries continue to extol democracy and civil liberties, they should live up to the ideals they proclaim and fulfill their responsibilities regarding the above-mentioned human rights violations. The silence alone at this summit of the G8 nations with regards to these abuses would worsen the human rights situation.